Shadow monitoring of illegal antisemitic hate speech

The monitoring exercise follows the definition of Illegal hate speech as defined “by the Framework Decision 2008/913/JHA of 28 November 2008 on combating certain forms and expressions of racism and xenophobia by means of criminal law and national laws transposing it, means all conduct publicly inciting to violence or hatred directed against a group of persons or a member of such a group defined by reference to race, colour, religion, descent or national or ethnic origin.”

The content was collected and reported to social media platforms between October 6th and 7th, 2022. Content was checked for removal on October 12th to give enough time to social media platforms to analyse and remove the content. The monitoring exercises devote particular attention to the intersection of antisemitism and sexism.

Key figures

Notifications of illegal hate speech

  • A total of 177 pieces of content Content were submitted following the Framework Decision 2008/913/JHA definition of hate speech to the IT companies part of the Code of Conduct.

  • Twitter received the largest number of reports (52), while Facebook and TikTok respectively received 41, and YouTube 40. The content was collected and reported to social media platforms between October 6th and 7th, 2022.

Removal Rate

From the 177 pieces of content reported to the Social Media Platforms only 22 (12,4%) have been removed by October 12th, 2022. The removal rate, which is well below that of the European Commission’s 6th evaluation of the Code of Conduct (62,5%), varies greatly among the four platforms and the four languages.

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